Topic: 2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16th-18th century) – Image Gallery
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Indian Sacrifice with Harrows (16th Century)
Biblioteca Casanatense, ms. 1889, c. 88r, Rome
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Idolatres (1685)
from: Allain Manesson Mallet, Description de l'Univers, , contenant les differents systêmes du monde, les cartes générals et particulières de la géographie ancienne et modern. Vol.: De l'Asie.
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In the palace, Rāvaṇa and his remaining brothers and sons are bowed down by grief and Rāvaṇa wonders how he can ever be victorious in this conflict, when so many demon champions have been slain. Another son, Indrajit, boasts that he will overcome Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa and sets out in his chariot, surrounded by other demons on elephants, horses and in chariots. In a separate chamber (the text actually says on the battlefield), he prepares offerings, seizing a young black goat by the neck, to the god of Fire in order to conjure up his most magical weapons and to make himself invisible. (ca 1653)
from: Ramayana [ms Add. 15297(1), fol. 97]
British Library, London [from Udaipur]
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Sacrifice of a Swan (1599–1622)
from: from "Ex Antiquis Cameorum et Gemmae Delineata/ Liber Secundus/et ab Enea Vico Parmen Incis
New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art
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Martyrs Being Burnt in Various Ways (1591)
from: A. Gallonio, Trattato degli instrumenti di martirio e delle varie maniere di martoriare usate da' gentilicontro christiani, trattato de gli instrumenti di martirio, e delle varie maniere di martoriare usate da' gentili contro christiani, descritte et intagliate in rame, Roma, Donangeli 1591, n. 99
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Mucius Scevola in front of Porsenna (18th Century)
Musée de l’Hôtel Sandelin, Saint-Omer
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Neoptolemus Sacrificing Polyxena at Achilles's Tomb (1473)
from: Boccaccio, G. De mulieribus claris, translator Heinrich Steinhöwel, Ulm, Johannes Zainer, [1474], n. p.
Penn Library, Wolverhampton
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Martyrs Tortured with the Wheel, 2 (1591)
from: A. Gallonio, Trattato degli instrumenti di martirio e delle varie maniere di martoriare usate da' gentilicontro christiani, trattato de gli instrumenti di martirio, e delle varie maniere di martoriare usate da' gentili contro christiani, descritte et intagliate in rame, Roma, Donangeli 1591, n. 29
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Neoptolemus Sacrificing Polyxena at Achilles's Tomb [1500]
from: Anonymous / Unknown. Livre de la destruction de Troye, et la vraye hystoire de Eneas, n. p., n. p., 16c., fol. 169r
Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris, fr. 22554
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Woman Committing Sati (17th century)
Harvard Art Museum, Boston (https://harvardartmuseums.org/art/165399)
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First Christian Martyrs 11 (1585)
from: Cavalieri, Giovanni Battista. Ecclesiae militantis triumphi sive Deo amabilium martyrum gloriosa pro Christi fide certamina ... in ecclesia S. Stephani Rotundi, Romae Nicolai Circiniani pictoris manu visuntur depicta [...], Romae, ex officina Bartholomaei Grassi, 1585, p. 18
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Verwerfliche Opfer (1731)
from: Scheuchzer, Johann Jakob, Physica Sacra (Kupfer-Bibel), Augsburg and Ulm, Christian Ulrich Wagner, 1731-1735, vol. 2, p. 500, plate 282 (ZB III ZZ 55)Illustriert Lev 22,22-24
Zürich, ZB, Graphische Sammlung, Füssli J.M. Phys. Sac. ZEI 93 / emanuscripta
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Berenice offers her hair to Venus [1662 - 1663]
Palazzo Reale, Turin
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Indian Sacrifice (16th Century)
Biblioteca Casanatense, ms. 1889, c. 80r, Rome
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Episodi della vita di Lorenzino da Marostica (1520-40)
Trento, Castello del Buonconsiglio
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Les veuves du Cormandel (1725)
from: van der Aa, P. La galerie agreable du monde. Tome premier des Indes Orientales, Leiden, c. 1725
http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routesdata/1800_1899/hinduism/sati/sati.html
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Ritual Sacrifice during a Fight [1526 - 1550]
from: Codex Magliabecchiano, c. 18r
Biblioteca Nazionale di Firenze, Florence
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Scapegoat sent to the wilderness where five wild beasts are waiting to devour it, and secondly the sacrifice of an ox (1491)
from: Stephan Fridolin, Der Schatzbehalter, Nuremberg, Koberger, November 18, 1491, fol. 23v
British Museum, London
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Saint Simon of Trent holding the flag and a shield; standing on the body of a male figure; in a border with flowers on black ground; illustration to Ubertino Pusculino, 'Duo libri Symonidos de Judaeorum perfidia', Augsburg: Johan Ottmar, 1511 (1511)
from: Ubertino Pusculino, 'Duo libri Symonidos de Judaeorum perfidia', Augsburg: Johan Ottmar, 1511
British Museum
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A Gentoo Woman Burning herself (1768)
from: Cavendish Drake, E. A, Universal Collection of Authentic and Entertaining Voyages and Travels, London, J. Cooke, 1768
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Ritualistic hanging from a carriage during the procession, as part of ceremonies in honor of Ganga. Numerous goats were sacrificed during this event (1670)
from: Abraham Rogerius, Le Théâtre de l’idolatrie ou la porte ouverte, Amsterdam, Jean Schipper, 1670, p. 246
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Sacrificing the Sabine cow (1470-1480)
from: Valerius Maximus, Facta et dicta memorabilia, trad. Simon de Hesdin et Nicolas de Gonesse (Bruges)
Paris, BnF, Français 289 f.329v
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Landscape with aspects about sin and penance. On the right of the scene a child is being slaughtered. (1682)
from: Vries, Simon de. Curieuse aenmerckingen der bysonderste Oost en West-Indische verwonderens-waerdige dingen, deel 3, p. 6. Utrecht: J. Ribbius, 1682
Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
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Snake Sacrifice [1690]
from: Udaipur, Rajasthan state, Mewar, India
Henri Vever Collection, Freer|Sackler gallery at the Smithsonian Institution
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Empire of Great Mogol (18th century?)
http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routesdata/1800_1899/hinduism/sati/sati.html
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Quartering of a Martyr (1591)
from: A. Gallonio, Trattato degli instrumenti di martirio e delle varie maniere di martoriare usate da' gentilicontro christiani, trattato de gli instrumenti di martirio, e delle varie maniere di martoriare usate da' gentili contro christiani, descritte et intagliate in rame, Roma, Donangeli 1591, n. 55
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Saxons worshipping their gods; the deities on a temple structure on l, priests dressed as bishops on r, smoke rising from sacrifices at centre. (1597)
from: Illustration to Peter Albinus, 'Außzug der Eltisten und fürnembsten Historien des uralten streitbarn und beruffenen Volcks der Sachssen ...', (Dresden) 1597. 1597 Hand-coloured etching and letterpress
The British Museum, London
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Ways in which Martyrs were Drowned (1591)
from: A. Gallonio, Trattato degli instrumenti di martirio e delle varie maniere di martoriare usate da' gentilicontro christiani, trattato de gli instrumenti di martirio, e delle varie maniere di martoriare usate da' gentili contro christiani, descritte et intagliate in rame, Roma, Donangeli 1591, n. 151
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Sacrfice and Revenge among the Aztecs (1579)
from: Diego de Duran, Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e islas de la tierra firme, 1579, c. 70r
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A Human Sacrifice, in a Morai, in Otaheite (1785)
from: Cook, James - King, James (1785) Voyage to the Pacific Ocean, undertaken by the Command of His Majesty, for making discoveries in the Northern Hemisphere. Performed under the direction of Captains Cook, Clerke and Gore, in His Majesty's ships the Resolution and Discovery , in the years 1776, 1777, 1778, 1779 and 1780. In three volumes. and a fourth folio volume with engravings, known as Atlas
British Museum, London
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Iphigenia Sacrifice (1553)
Warburg Institute, London, Bartsch Collection (XV.261.43)
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First Christian Martyrs 14 (1585)
from: Cavalieri, Giovanni Battista. Ecclesiae militantis triumphi sive Deo amabilium martyrum gloriosa pro Christi fide certamina ... in ecclesia S. Stephani Rotundi, Romae Nicolai Circiniani pictoris manu visuntur depicta [...], Romae, ex officina Bartholomaei Grassi, 1585, p. 29
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First Christian Martyrs 4 (1585)
from: Cavalieri, Giovanni Battista. Ecclesiae militantis triumphi sive Deo amabilium martyrum gloriosa pro Christi fide certamina ... in ecclesia S. Stephani Rotundi, Romae Nicolai Circiniani pictoris manu visuntur depicta [...], Romae, ex officina Bartholomaei Grassi, 1585, p. 4
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15th c. depiction of Jewish ritual slaughter of animals for consumption (15th)
from: Jacob b. Asher, Arba'ah Turim (Hebrew: אַרְבָּעָה טוּרִים)
Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Cod. Ross. 555. fol. 127v
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Culte du Démon (The Cult of the Demon), from Les Sacrifices (The Sacrifices) (1625-1627)
from: http://ark.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb42582956v
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
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The sacrifice of the black Bull (1584)
Palazzo Fava, Bologna
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Cain murdering Abel (1576)
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
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Giovanni II Bentivoglio and His Family (1488)
Chiesa di San Giacomo Maggiore, Cappella Bentivolgio, Bologna
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Sacrifice to Hermes (1562 - 1566)
Villa Farnese, Camera dell'aurora, Caprarola
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The Sacrifice of Iphigenia (1789)
Palazzo Gnudi Scagliarini, Bologna
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Sacrifice to Priapus (1540 - 1550)
British Museum (Dep. of Prints and Drawings), London
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Castigo, justicia, Sancay, Inquisición. (1615)
from: Guamán Poma de Ayala, F. Primer nueva corónica y buen gobierno [1616]. Manuscript conserved in the København, Det Kongelige Bibliotek [ Royal Library, Copenhagen, Denmark ], GKS 2232 4° [fol. 302].
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Abbruciamento delle mogli vedove (1740-56)
http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routesdata/1800_1899/hinduism/sati/sati.html
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The Sacrifice of Isaac
from: Ancient mosaic pavement from the 6th century, Beit Alfa Synagogue
Beit Alfa Synagogue, Beit She'an (near to), Israel
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Martyrs Burnt in Various Ways (1591)
from: A. Gallonio, Trattato degli instrumenti di martirio e delle varie maniere di martoriare usate da' gentilicontro christiani, trattato de gli instrumenti di martirio, e delle varie maniere di martoriare usate da' gentili contro christiani, descritte et intagliate in rame, Roma, Donangeli 1591, n. 105
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Satrughna is wounded by Kusa and Lava during Rama's horse-sacrifice (1616)
from: Leaf from a dispersed manuscript of Razmnama
Harvard University, Fine Arts Library, SS_22349926
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Aztec Gods on a Pyramid afther a Sacrifice [1526 - 1550]
from: Codex Magliabecchiano, c. 91r
Biblioteca Nazionale di Firenze, Florence
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Suttee (1878)
from: Murray Smith, D. Round the World: A Story of Travel Compiled from the Narrative of Ida Pfeiffer, London, 1878
http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routesdata/1800_1899/hinduism/sati/sati.html
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Ceremonial knife (tumi) with figural finial (1470–1532)
from: South America, Peru, Central highlands
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The Sacrifice of King Oetes (16th Century)
from: Gohory, Jacques. Livre de la Conqueste de la Toison d'or, par le Prince Jason de Tessalie : faict par figures avec exposition d'icelles, [Paris], n.p., 1563, no page
Bibliothèque Nationale De France, Paris
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Aaron and his sons sacrificing a ram, as described in Exodus 29:13-22 (1731)
from: Scheuchzer, Johann Jakob, Physica Sacra (Kupfer-Bibel), Augsburg and Ulm, Christian Ulrich Wagner, 1731-1735, vol. 2, p. 324
Lowcountry Digital Library
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Religious practices of the native Americans of Peru. Priests sacrifice animals on a bonfire, throw rocks with serpents or snakes and animals painted on them, and eviscerate animals. (1671)
from: Arnoldus Montanus, De Nieuwe en Onbekende Weereld, Amsterdam, Jacob Meurs, 1671, p. 309
John Carter Brown Library
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Ibrâhîm [Abraham] Sacrifice of his Son Ismâ'îl (1577)
Public Library, Spencer Collection, Persian, ms. 1, New York
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A bull offered in sacrifice to Jupiter (16th Century)
Biblioteca Casanatense, Rome
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Sacrifice to Jupiter [1526 - 1550]
Sotheby's, Ellesmere Sale (5 December 1972), London
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The Phalaris bull (16th Century)
Bibliothèque municipale, Lyon
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Martyrs Thrown into the Ravine or into the Fire (1591)
from: A. Gallonio, Trattato degli instrumenti di martirio e delle varie maniere di martoriare usate da' gentilicontro christiani, trattato de gli instrumenti di martirio, e delle varie maniere di martoriare usate da' gentili contro christiani, descritte et intagliate in rame, Roma, Donangeli 1591, n. 149
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The Sacrifice of Isaac (Armenian Gospel Book) (1386)
from: Lake Van, Turkey
Getty Museum, Armenian Ms. Ludwig II 6 (83.MB.70), fol. 5v
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Sacrifice to Priapus [1537 - 1555]
Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie, Den Haag
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Noah, surrounded by animals, making a sacrifice to God after the Great Flood (1550-1572)
from: France
British Museum
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Satī, from a Sūz u Gudāz manuscript. The union of the couple on the pyre (1657)
from: Sūz u Gudāz ms, Iran, Walters Manuscript W. 649, fol. 19b (Burning and Melting)
The Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, Maryland
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Noah, his family and the animals leave the ark and offer sacrifice to God (1500)
from: Metrical Paraphrase of Genesis and Exodus [Ms Add. 40724, fol. 23]
British Library, London
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Sacrifice of Polyxena [1590-1599]
from: Metamorphoseon sive transformationum ovidianarum...
Gabinetto Disegni e Stampe, Fondo Corsini; volume 57N1
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Sacrifice to Jupiter [1501 - 1525]
Musée Bonnat, Bayonne
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Jewish sacrificing children to demons (IXth Century)
from: Psalterium, Constantinople / Istanbul
Paris, BnF, Grec. 20, fol. 18
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Pesah dorot (from the Birds’ Head Haggadah) (1300)
from: Birds’ Head Haggadah (Germany)
Israel Museum in Jerusalem
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Deities and Demons Performing the Yajna Sacrifice from the Devi Mahatmya (18th)
from: India, Rajput
Princeton University Art Museum
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Purported Martyrdom of Simone of Trient
Church of St Maria Rotonda. Pian Camuno, Val Camonica
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Sacrifice to Mercury (1502 - 1507)
Cathedral, Biblioteca Piccolomini, Siena
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Sacrifice of Iphigenia [1640 - 1642]
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
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The Sacrifice of Polyxena (17th Century)
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
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Sveta Paraskeva (Petka) sa žitijem (St Paraskeva with scenes from her life) (17th century)
Galerija Matice Srpske, Novi Sad
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Manner in which they Bury Themselves (1728)
from: Picart, B. Ceremonies et Coutumes Religieuses des Peuples Idolatres, tome II, Amsterdam, 1728
London, Wellcome Collection
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The offering of the Jews
Rotterdam, Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen
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Human Sacrifice to Vitzilipuztli (1745)
from: Prévost, Antoine François, Histoire générale des voyages, ou Nouvelle collection de toutes les relations de voyages par mer et par terre qui ont été publiées jusqu'à présent dans les différentes langues, Paris, Didot, 1754, vol. 12, p. after 544
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Handprints of women who committed sati
Wall of the Junagarh Fort (Bikaner, Rajasthan, India)
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Emperor Jahangir and Prince Khurram at the gathering for the Feast of the Sacrifice (1615-1625)
from: India
Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Museum für Islamische Kunst
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Cutting out the Tongues, Extracting the Teeth and Cutting off the Breasts of Martyrs (1591)
from: A. Gallonio, Trattato degli instrumenti di martirio e delle varie maniere di martoriare usate da' gentilicontro christiani, trattato de gli instrumenti di martirio, e delle varie maniere di martoriare usate da' gentili contro christiani, descritte et intagliate in rame, Roma, Donangeli 1591, n. 125
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Quetzalcoatl
from: V. Cartari - L. Pignoria, Seconda Novissima Editione Delle Imagini De Gli Dei Delli Antichi, 1626, p. 557
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De sanctorum martyrum cruciatibus [frontispice] (1602)
from: A. Gallonio, De sanctorum martyrum cruciatibus. Antonii Gallonii [...] liber [...] nunc primum in Germania [...] editus, Colonia, J. Gymnicum, 1602.
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A Topac Amaro le Cortan la Caveza en el Cuzco (1615)
from: Guamán Poma de Ayala, F. Primer nueva corónica y buen gobierno [1616]. Manuscript conserved in the København, Det Kongelige Bibliotek [ Royal Library, Copenhagen, Denmark ], GKS 2232 4°.
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Animal Sacrifice [1471]
Modena, Biblioteca Estense, Lat. 992
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This mandala is devoted to the solar deity Surya. In the lower register a Vajracharya priest at left performs a fire sacrifice and the repentant donor at center undergoing some form of exorcism accompanied by musicians while his family observes. [1379]
from: Nepal, Kathmandu Valley (Kitaharasa Period: Early Malla period Date)
New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art
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Jews put to the flames (1475)
from: Historie von Simon zu Trient [Bayerische StaatsBibliothek, 2 Inc.s.a. 62#Beibd], fol. 11v
Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Munich
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Sacrifice of Isaac ( Hebrew Illuminated Manuscripts)
from: Warsaw picture Bible, Cod. 1164, fol. 26 (from Venice)
The Emanuel Ringelblum Jewish Historical Institute in Warsaw (JHI)
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Martyrs Killed in Boiling Water (1591)
from: A. Gallonio, Trattato degli instrumenti di martirio e delle varie maniere di martoriare usate da' gentilicontro christiani, trattato de gli instrumenti di martirio, e delle varie maniere di martoriare usate da' gentili contro christiani, descritte et intagliate in rame, Roma, Donangeli 1591, n. 80