Topic: 2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16th-18th century)

Topic: 2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Religious sacrifices across various cultures and contexts sparked widespread interest in Early Modern Europe. As Christianity expanded into regions inhabited by "infidels" and "pagans", Europeans encountered a diverse array of sacrificial customs, ranging from the Sati rituals in India to the Aztec sacrifices in the Americas. This cross-cultural exposure captivated a wide audience, including theologians, philosophers, political thinkers, antiquarians, orientalists, missionaries, poets, artists, and even the general public. These encounters broadened the European understanding of sacrifice and led to a critical reassessment of classical and biblical sacrificial rites. This section includes:

Sources: A selection of early modern printed materials, which include descriptions of the Americas, Asia, and Africa, alongside antiquarian and philological studies on religious sacrifice in classical antiquity and beyond. It also presents early modern works of ethnological observations and the first attempts to compare different sacrificial practices in various traditions and contexts, laying the groundwork for disciplines like the history of religions and anthropology.
Iconographic Representations: A rich collection of images from the 16^th to 18^th centuries, illustrating a range of sacrificial rituals and practices as seen in different cultural and geographical contexts.
Related Bibliography: An extensive bibliography spanning scholarly works from the 19^th to 21^st centuries, providing contemporary analyses and interpretations of these early studies and observations.

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Giani, Felice

Ancient Sacrifice and Head of a Satyr (?^th Century)

National Gallery of Art, Washington

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Ancient RomansAncient Sacrifices

Gibbons, D.; Abbrugiati, P. (Ed.)

La fenomenologia della sati nella Scommessa di Prometeo

in: Le mythe repensé dans l’œuvre de Giacomo Leopard, pp. 327-337http://books.openedition.org/pup/11256

Aix-en-Provence: Presses universitaires de Provence, 2016.

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century) 7. Sacrifices of self: Martirology and Catholic global missions (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: AntiquarianismSatiSatī

Gieng, Hans

Kindlifresserbrunnen (Child Eater Fountain). This figure goes probably back to the carnivalesque image of the child-eater, which has been linked both to Saturn and to the blood-libel against Jews (1542)

Bern, Switzerland.

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Blood LibelChild SacrificeSwitzerland

Gilders, W. K.

Blood Ritual in the Hebrew Bible: Meaning and Power

Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004.

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Gilders, W. K.; Knust, J. W. - Várhelyi, Z. (Eds.)

Jewish Sacrifice : its Nature and Function (according to Philo)

in: Ancient Mediterranean Sacrifice, pp. 94-105

Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Ginzburg, C.; Donattini, M. - Marcocci, G. - Pastore, S. (Eds.)

Machiavelli e gli antiquari

in: L’Europa divisa e i nuovi mondi. Per Adriano Prosperi, pp. 3-8

Pisa: Edizioni della Normale, 2011.

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Giolfino, Niccolò

The Sacrifice of Iphigenia (15-16th)

from: Italy

Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, Gift of Richard Wheatland Object Number 1943.1841

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Ancient GreeksAncient SacrificesHuman SacrificesIphigeniaPaintings

Giraldi, Giglio Gregorio

De deis gentium varia & multiplex historia

Basel: Oporinus, 1548.

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: AntiquarianismSacrifice Compared

Girard, R.

Violence and the Sacred

Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1981.

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Giudici, B. de' ; Quaglioni, D. (Ed.)

Apologia Iudaeorum – Invectiva contra Platinam. Propaganda antiebraica e polemiche di Curia durante il pontificato di Sisto IV (1471-1484

Roma: , 1987.

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century) 3. Sacrifice and politics (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: AntisemitismBlood LibelHuman SacrificesJudaismSimon of Trent

Givre, Olivier; Boissière, T. - Morvan, Y. (Eds.)

Le Kurban Bayramı à Istanbul. Le sacrifice entre commercialisation et humanitarisation

in: Un Moyen-Orient ordinaire: entre consommations et mobilités, pp. 206-232

: , .

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: IslamOttoman EmpireTurkey

Gliksohn, J. M.

Iphigénie de la Grèce antique à l'Europe des Lumières

Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1985.

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century) 3. Sacrifice and politics (16^th-18^th Century)

Göding, Heinrich

Saxons worshipping their gods; the deities on a temple structure on l, priests dressed as bishops on r, smoke rising from sacrifices at centre. (1597)

from: Illustration to Peter Albinus, 'Außzug der Eltisten und fürnembsten Historien des uralten streitbarn und beruffenen Volcks der Sachssen ...', (Dresden) 1597. 1597 Hand-coloured etching and letterpress

The British Museum, London

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: FireNorthern EuropePagan SacrificeSaxons

Gohain, B.