Topic: 2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16th-18th century)

Topic: 2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Religious sacrifices across various cultures and contexts sparked widespread interest in Early Modern Europe. As Christianity expanded into regions inhabited by "infidels" and "pagans", Europeans encountered a diverse array of sacrificial customs, ranging from the Sati rituals in India to the Aztec sacrifices in the Americas. This cross-cultural exposure captivated a wide audience, including theologians, philosophers, political thinkers, antiquarians, orientalists, missionaries, poets, artists, and even the general public. These encounters broadened the European understanding of sacrifice and led to a critical reassessment of classical and biblical sacrificial rites. This section includes:

Sources: A selection of early modern printed materials, which include descriptions of the Americas, Asia, and Africa, alongside antiquarian and philological studies on religious sacrifice in classical antiquity and beyond. It also presents early modern works of ethnological observations and the first attempts to compare different sacrificial practices in various traditions and contexts, laying the groundwork for disciplines like the history of religions and anthropology.
Iconographic Representations: A rich collection of images from the 16^th to 18^th centuries, illustrating a range of sacrificial rituals and practices as seen in different cultural and geographical contexts.
Related Bibliography: An extensive bibliography spanning scholarly works from the 19^th to 21^st centuries, providing contemporary analyses and interpretations of these early studies and observations.

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Dolle, W.

The Wicker Image (1676)

from: Aylett Sammes, Britannia Antiqua Illustrata, London, 1676, facing page 105

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: CelticDruids and DruidismHuman Sacrifices

Doré, Gustave

Le sacrifice humain allait s'accomplir (1857)

BnF, Gallica

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: FranceHuman Sacrifice

Duchetti, Claudio

Frieze of Sacrificial Instruments (1580 - 1585)

from: Lafréry, Antoine. Speculum Romanae Magnificentiae [...], Roma, n. p., 1553, A 128

University of Chicago Library, Chicago

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Ancient SacrificesEngravingsSacrificial Objects

Dupérac, Etienne

Suovetaurilia; at right bulls, rams and boars being brought towards the altar positioned in front of the entrance of a circular temple, various animals being sacrificed to left. (1566)

from: An illustration to Onofrio Panvinio's 'De Ludis Circensibus', published in Rome

The British Museum, London

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Ancient RomansAncient SacrificeAnimal Sacrifice BoarBullKnifeRamRitual SlaughteringSuovetaurilia

Duran, Diego de

Aztec Human Sacrifice (1579)

from: Diego de Duran, Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e islas de la tierra firme, 1579, c. 75r

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: AztecsBloodFireHuman SacrificesMexico

Duran, Diego de

Aztec Human Sacrifice on the Altar (1579)

from: Diego de Duran, Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e islas de la tierra firme, 1579, c. 238r

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: AztecsBloodHuman SacrificesMexico

Duran, Diego de

Aztec Sacrifice to thank Gods for the Vistory (1579)

from: Diego de Duran, Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e islas de la tierra firme, 1579, c. 138r

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: AztecsBloodFireHuman SacrificesMexico

Duran, Diego de

Aztec Temple with Hung Skulls (1579)

from: Diego de Duran, Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e islas de la tierra firme, 1579, c. 232v

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: AztecsBloodHuman SacrificesMexico

Duran, Diego de

Dedication of a New Temple to Coatl God (1579)

from: Diego de Duran, Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e islas de la tierra firme, 1579, c. 170v

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Animal Sacrifice AztecsBloodMexico

Duran, Diego de

Human Sacrifice for the Toci Goddess (1579)

from: Diego de Duran, Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e islas de la tierra firme, 1579, c. 181r

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: AztecsBloodFireHuman SacrificesMexico

Duran, Diego de

Human Sacrifice in front of an Aztec Pyramid (1579)

from: Diego de Duran, Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e islas de la tierra firme, 1579, c. 280v

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: AztecsBloodFireMexicoWomen

Duran, Diego de

Human Sacrifice on Pyramids with Aztec Gods (1579)

from: Diego de Duran, Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e islas de la tierra firme, 1579, c. 131r

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Animal Sacrifice AztecsBloodHuman SacrificesMexico

Duran, Diego de

Sacrfice and Revenge among the Aztecs (1579)

from: Diego de Duran, Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e islas de la tierra firme, 1579, c. 70r

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: AztecsBloodHuman SacrificesMexico

Duran, Diego de

Transport of the Sacrificial Stone (1579)

from: Diego de Duran, Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e islas de la tierra firme, 1579, c. 189v

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: AztecsMexico

Duran, Diego de

Two Aztec do Sacrfice offering Incense and cutting the Body (1579)

from: Diego de Duran, Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e islas de la tierra firme, 1579, c. 248v

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: AztecsBloodFireHuman SacrificesMexico

Durantino da Urbino, Guido

https://iconographic.warburg.sas.ac.uk/object-wpc-wid-diaw (1535)

from: Italy

National Gallery of Art, Washington

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Ancient SacrificeCeramicsDishFirePagan Sacrifice

Dürer, Albrecht

Martirio dei Diecimila (1507)

Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomMount AraratTen thousand martyrs

Eimmart, Georg Christoph

Aeneas sacrifices at the tomb of Anchises, a giant snake winds around the altar (1688)

from: Peplus virtutum Romanarum in Aenea Virgiliano eiusque rebus fortiter gestis, ad maiorem antiquitatis et rerum lucem, communi iuventutis sacratae bono, aere renitens) (Nuremburg: J.L. Buggel, 1688), pl. 18.

Münchener DigitalisierungsZentrum

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Ancient RomansAncient SacrificeAnimal Sacrifice Pagan Sacrifice