Topic: 2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16th-18th Century)
Religious sacrifices across various cultures and contexts sparked widespread interest in Early Modern Europe. As Christianity expanded into regions inhabited by "infidels" and "pagans", Europeans encountered a diverse array of sacrificial customs, ranging from the Sati rituals in India to the Aztec sacrifices in the Americas. This cross-cultural exposure captivated a wide audience, including theologians, philosophers, political thinkers, antiquarians, orientalists, missionaries, poets, artists, and even the general public. These encounters broadened the European understanding of sacrifice and led to a critical reassessment of classical and biblical sacrificial rites. This section includes:
- Sources: A selection of early modern printed materials, which include descriptions of the Americas, Asia, and Africa, alongside antiquarian and philological studies on religious sacrifice in classical antiquity and beyond. It also presents early modern works of ethnological observations and the first attempts to compare different sacrificial practices in various traditions and contexts, laying the groundwork for disciplines like the history of religions and anthropology.
- Iconographic Representations: A rich collection of images from the 16th to 18th centuries, illustrating a range of sacrificial rituals and practices as seen in different cultural and geographical contexts.
- Related Bibliography: An extensive bibliography spanning scholarly works from the 19th to 21st centuries, providing contemporary analyses and interpretations of these early studies and observations.
Chasse et sacrifice dans l'Oreste d'Eschyle
in: Mythe et Tragédie en Grèce ancienne, pp. 133-158
Paris: François Maspero, 1972.
Self-sacrifice, Compensation and the Anonymous Gods
in: Le sacrifice dans l’antiquité, pp. 135-185
Genève: Fondation Hardt, 1981.
Heat and Sacrifice in the Vedas
Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1985.
Heat and Sacrifice in the Vedas
Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1992.
Map of Revelation: Sacrifice and Conversion in the Planisphere of Juan de la Cosa
in: Sacrifice and Conversion in the Early Modern Atlantic, pp. 183-204
Florence: Harvard University Press- Villa I Tatti , 2022.
Il Beato Lorenzino Da Marostica Presunta Vittima d’un Omicidio Rituale
in: La Rassegna Mensile Di Israel, v. 34 (), issue 9: pp.513-526.
Shakespeare and Revenge: Anthropologies of Sacrifice in Titus Andronicus and Othello
in: Reformations of the Body. Early Modern Cultural Studies, pp. 149-178
New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013.
Exodus and Revolution
New York: Basic Books, 1985.
Ren and Gantong: Openess of Heart and the Root of Confucianism
in: Philosophy East and West, v. 62 (2012), issue 4: pp.463-504.
Methods of Killing. Human Sacrifice in Shang-Dynasty Oracle-Bone Inscriptions
in: minima sinica, v. 20 (2008), issue 1: pp.11-29.
Images from the Region of the Pueblo Indians of North America
Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1995.
Religion in Late Roman Britain: Forces of Change
Abingdon: Routledge, 1998.
Ritual and Rhetoric in Leviticus: From Sacrifice to Scripture
New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
Ritual and Metaphor: Sacrifice in the Bible
Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2011.
Ritual and Metaphor: Sacrifice in the Bible
Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2011.
Sacrifice in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
New York: New York University Press, 2017.
The Smoke of Sacrifice: Anthropomorphism and Figure in Karel van Mallery’s Sacrifice of Cain and Abel for Louis Richeome’s Tableaux Sacrez (1601) Michel Weemans
in: The Anthropomorphic Lens. Anthropomorphism, Microcosmism and Analogy in Early Modern Thought and Visual Arts, pp. 480–515
Leiden: Brill, 2015.