Editor: Michele Bosco – Image Gallery

Anonymous / Unknown

Statue of Saint Eulogius, Cordovan Martyr [18^th Century]

San Francisco and San Eulogio Church, Cordoba (Spain).

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomPersecutionsReconquistaSaintsSpain

Anonymous / Unknown

Caídos por Dios y por España (20^th Century)

Tombstone in San Miguel Church, Segovia (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomMassacresSacrifice for the NationSecular MartyrsSpanish Civil War

Soreda, Juan

Saint Pelayo being tortured by order of Abderramán III in Cordoba [17^th Century]

Main Altarpiece of the parish Church of Saint Pelayo Martyr, Olivares de Duero (Valladolid, Spain).

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomPersecutionsReconquistaSaintsSpain

Chiha, Michel

Father Thomas from Sardinia and his servant Amarath Martyrs in Damascus (1840) (1930)

from: Journal «L'Orient», February 6, 1930

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Jewish StudiesMartyrdomOttoman EmpirePersecutionsViolence against Clergy

Anonymous / Unknown

Sacrifice of Isaac (Detail) (12^nd Century)

Palatine Chapel, Royal Palace or Palace of the Normans, Palermo (Italy)

Topics:
1. Sacrifice and Bible (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: AbrahamAbraham and IsaacBible, GenesisBible, Old TestamentBible, PentateuchIconographyIsaac

Anonymous / Unknown

San Aurelio y Santa Sabigotho su Muge. Y San Jorge Monje. San Féliz y Santa Liliosa, su Muger. Mártires de Córdoba. (17-18^th Century)

from: Picture in anonymous devotional card

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomPersecutionsReconquistaSaintsSpain

Carducci, Vincenzo

Martyrdom of Saint Raymond Nonnatus (16-17^th Century)

Prado National Museum, Madrid (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: CrusadesMartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)ReconquistaTortures

Goya, Francisco de

Los fusilamientos del 3 de mayo 1808 (1814)

Prado Museum, Madrid

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: French Invasion of SpainMassacresPeninsular War - Guerra de la Independencia EspañolaSacrifice for the NationSecular Martyrs

Anonymous / Unknown

S. Raymundo Nonato, Mercedarian. [19^th Century]

Unknown

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Mercedarians (O. de M.)North AfricaRedemption of CaptivesSaintsTortures

Anonymous / Unknown

Juan de Prado, Martyr in Morocco (1631) [19^th Century]

Unknown

Topics:
7. Sacrifices of self: Martirology and Catholic global missions (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Catholic MissionsFranciscans (O.F.M.)MartyrdomMoroccoSpanish Missionaries

Anonymous / Unknown

Verdadero Retrato del V.P. Sebastian de Monroy, de la Compañía de Jesus [...] muerto a lançadas en defensa de la Fè, por los Infieles en [...] las Islas Marianas (1690)

from: Aranda, G. Vida, y gloriosa muerte del v. padre Sebastian de Monroy, religioso de la Compañia de Jesus, que murió dilatando la Fè alanceado de los barbaros en las Islas Marianas. Compuesta por el p. Gabriel de Aranda de la misma Compañia [...], Sevilla, Thomas López de Haro, 1690, p. XXIV.

Topics:
7. Sacrifices of self: Martirology and Catholic global missions (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Catholic MissionsHagiographiesJesuits (S.J.)MartyrdomSoutheast Asia

García Ferrer, Pedro

Martirio de los santos Pablo Miki, Juan Gotó y Diego Kisai, mártires Jesuitas del Japón (17^th Century)

Museu de Belles Arts, Valencia (Spain)

Topics:
7. Sacrifices of self: Martirology and Catholic global missions (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Catholic MissionsJapanJesuits (S.J.)MartyrdomNagasaki

Anonymous / Unknown

Loores del dignissimo Lugar de Calvario (1551)

from: Antonio de Aranda. Loores del dignissimo Lugar de Calvario: en que se relata todo lo que nuestro redemptor Jesus hizo y dixo en el, conforme al texto del sacro evangelio, perteneciente a su passion, muerte, sepultura y resurrection, Alcalá de Henares, Salzedo, 1551

Topics:
1. Sacrifice and Bible (16^th-18^th Century) 4. Sacrifice and Eucharist (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Biblical CommentariesBiblical RepresentationsChrist's SacrificeDrawingHoly Land

Goya, Francisco de

Escapan entre llamas (1863)

from: Goya, F. Desastres de la guerra, Madrid, Real Academia de Nobles Artes de San Fernando, 1863

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: French Invasion of SpainPeninsular War - Guerra de la Independencia EspañolaSacrifice for the NationSecular MartyrsViolence

Matías, Alonso

San Eulogio Chapel, in Cordoba Cathedral [detail] (1618)

Mezquita - Catedral de Córdoba (San Eulogio Chapel). Cordoba (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomPersecutionsReconquistaSaintsSpain

Goya, Francisco de

Lo merecía (1863)

from: Goya, F. Desastres de la guerra, Madrid, Real Academia de Nobles Artes de San Fernando, 1863

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: French Invasion of SpainPeninsular War - Guerra de la Independencia EspañolaSacrifice for the NationSecular MartyrsViolence

Nicolau, Juan Bautista

Sacrificio de Isaac (18^th Century)

Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Carlos (Museu de Belles Arts), Valencia, Spain

Topics:
1. Sacrifice and Bible (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Abraham and IsaacBible, GenesisBible, Old TestamentBible, PentateuchPaintings

Goya, Francisco de

¿Por qué? (1863)

from: Goya, F. Desastres de la guerra, Madrid, Real Academia de Nobles Artes de San Fernando, 1863

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: French Invasion of SpainPeninsular War - Guerra de la Independencia EspañolaSacrifice for the NationSecular MartyrsViolence

Anonymous / Unknown

S. Serapi M[arti]r de la Mercè [1731]

from: Hardá Muxica, A. A. El cavallero de Christo, y nuevo machabeo de la ley de Gracia San Serapio Martyr […], Barcelona, Jaume Surià, 1731.

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Canonization of the SaintsMartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)North AfricaTortures

Anonymous / Unknown

San Perfecto, Pres[bitero] Proto-Martir de la Persecución Arábiga en Córdoba. (17-18^th Century)

from: Picture in anonymous devotional card

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomPersecutionsReconquistaSaintsSpain

Anonymous / Unknown

San Ramón Nonato, Ruega por nosotros (19^th Century)

from: Anonymous popular religious card

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Mercedarians (O. de M.)North AfricaRedemption of CaptivesSaintsTortures

Anonymous / Unknown

The Martyrdom of Saint Peter Pascual (17-18^th Century)

Jaén Bishop's Palace (seat of the bishopric of Jaén, Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: GranadaMartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)ReconquistaSaints

Küsel, Melchior

The Martyrdom of the Jesuit John Ogilvie (1615). Hanging and evisceration (1675)

from: Tanner, M. Societas Jesu usque ad sanguinis et vitae profusionem militans, in Europa, Africa, Asia, et America, contra gentiles, Mahometanos, Judaeos, haereticos, impios, pro Deo, fide, Ecclesia, pietate, sive, Vita, et mors eorum, qui ex Societate Jesu in causa fide, Praga, 1675.

Topics:
6. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology after Reformation (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: HeresyJesuits (S.J.)MartyrdomScotlandTortures

Anonymous / Unknown

RITRATTO DEL FU PADRE TOMMASO DA CALANGIANO DI SARD.a MIS.o APLI.co CAP.no IL QUALE DOPO 33 ANNI DI MISSIONE IN DAMASCO VENNE SACRIFICATO DALLI EBRE I DI QUELLA CITTA' IN UN COL SUO FEDELE ED AMATO SERVO ABRAHIM IL DI 5. FE BBRAJO DEL 1840. [1849]

Church of S. Maria degli Angeli, Calangianus (Sardinia, Italy)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Jewish StudiesMartyrdomOttoman EmpirePersecutionsViolence against Clergy

Anonymous / Unknown

Saint Pelayo from Cordova [18-19^th Century]

Ceramic Tiles in San Pelagio Seminary, Cordoba

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomPersecutionsReconquistaSaintsSpain

Goya, Francisco de

Lo mismo en otras partes (1863)

from: Goya, F. Desastres de la guerra, Madrid, Real Academia de Nobles Artes de San Fernando, 1863

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: French Invasion of SpainPeninsular War - Guerra de la Independencia EspañolaSacrifice for the NationSecular MartyrsViolence

Carducci, Vincenzo

Martyrdom of Saint Raymond Nonnatus (16-17^th Century)

Prado National Museum, Madrid (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: CrusadesMartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)ReconquistaTortures

Küsel, Melchior

P. Franciscus Paciecus Lusit. ; P. Balthasar de Torres Hisp. ; P. Ioannes Zola Ital. , cum 6 Coadiutoribus Iaponijs , Soc. IESUs, lento igne vivi pro Christo exusti Nangasacki in Iaponia 20. Iunij, A. 1626. (1675)

from: Mathias Tanner, Societas Iesu usque ad sanguinis et vitae profusionem militans, [...] in causa fidei, & virtutis propugnatae, violenta morte toto orbe sublati sunt, Praga, Typis Universitatis Carolo-Ferdinandeae in Collegio Societatis Jesu ad S. Clementem, 1675.

Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

Topics:
7. Sacrifices of self: Martirology and Catholic global missions (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Francisco PachecoJapanJesuits (S.J.)MartyrdomPortuguese Missionaries

Anonymous / Unknown

Bernabé Montano[s] Doctor en Sagrada Teología Colegial de esta Casa, beneficiado de Poqueira, padeció Martirio pegando fuego a una torre, donde encerrado sacándole medio abrasado y a cuchilladas le acabaron de quitar la vida. Viernes 24 de Diciembre de 1568. (1761)

Pontificio y Real Seminario de San Cecilio (Cloisters). Granada, Spain.

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: AlpujarrasMartyrdomMassacresMoriscosPersecutions

Segrelles Albert, José

Martyrdom of S. Eulogius and S. Leocricia of Cordoba [1910]

from: Historia de España, III vols., ed. M. Seguí, 1910-1927.

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomPersecutionsReconquistaSaintsSpain

Anonymous / Unknown

Our Lady of Martyrdom Church, within the Square dedicated to the Alpujarras Martyrs, Ugíjar (Spain). (15-19^th Century)

Ugíjar (Spain).

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: AlpujarrasMartyrdomMassacresMoriscosPersecutions

Anonymous / Unknown

Holy Chamber within Oviedo Cathedral, where the relics of the Cordovan Martyr Saint Eulogius are conserved. (16-17^th Century)

Oviedo Cathedral (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomPersecutionsReconquistaSaintsSpain

Goya, Francisco de

Tantos, y más … (1863)

from: Goya, F. Desastres de la guerra, Madrid, Real Academia de Nobles Artes de San Fernando, 1863

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: French Invasion of SpainPeninsular War - Guerra de la Independencia EspañolaSacrifice for the NationSecular MartyrsViolence

Melchior Küsel (drawing by Karel Škréta)

Muerte de los jesuitas Roque Gonzáles de Santa Cruz y Alonso Rodríguez a manos de los guaraníes (1628) (1675)

from: Tanner, Mathias. Societas Iesu usque ad sanguinis et vitae profusionem militans, [...] in causa fidei, & virtutis propugnatae, violenta morte toto orbe sublati sunt, Praga, Typis Universitatis Carolo-Ferdinandeae in Collegio Societatis Jesu ad S. Clementem, 1675. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

The John Carter Brown Library at Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island

Topics:
7. Sacrifices of self: Martirology and Catholic global missions (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Alonso RodríguezJesuits (S.J.)MartyrdomNative AmericansRoque Gonzáles de Santa Cruz

Hayez, Francesco

Peter the Hermit preaches the First Crusade (1827 - 1829)

France National Library (Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Richelieu), Paris

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Church HistoryCrusadesHoly LandHoly WarsIconography

Anonymous / Unknown

Saint Pedro Pascual, Mercedarian, martyr in Granada (1300) [1676]

from: Sacra Rituum Congregatio, Sancti Petri Paschasii Martyris, Giennensis Episcopi, Ordinis B. Mariae de Mercede Redemptionis Captivorum Opera [...], Madrid, Bernardus de Villa Diego, Sanctae Cruciatae et Divini Officii Typographus, 1676.

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)ReconquistaRedemption of CaptivesSaints

Anonymous / Unknown

Our Lady of Martyrdom (Sculpture). Ugíjar, Spain. (15^th Century)

Parroquia Nuestra Señora del Martirio (Our Lady of Martyrdom Parish Church). Ugíjar (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: AlpujarrasMartyrdomPersecutionsSculptureVirgin Mary

Murillo Carreras, Rafael

Martyrdom of Saint Pelayo from Cordova (19-20^th Century)

Catedral de la Encarnación, Malaga (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomPersecutionsReconquistaSaintsSpain

Guamán Poma de Ayala, Felipe

Castigo a las adúlteras (1615)

from: Guamán Poma de Ayala, F. Primer nueva corónica y buen gobierno [1616]. Manuscript conserved in the København, Det Kongelige Bibliotek [ Royal Library, Copenhagen, Denmark ], GKS 2232 4° [fol. 306].

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: IdolatryIndigenous MartyrsNative AmericansPeruSpanish Empire

Guamán Poma de Ayala, Felipe

Que no obedece a su padre (1615)

from: Guamán Poma de Ayala, F. Primer nueva corónica y buen gobierno [1616]. Manuscript conserved in the København, Det Kongelige Bibliotek [ Royal Library, Copenhagen, Denmark ], GKS 2232 4°, fol. 874.

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Indigenous MartyrsNative AmericansPeruPunishmentSpanish Empire

Zurbarán, Francisco de

Saint Raymond Nonnatus (Zurbarán's Atelier) [17^th Century]

Unknown

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)ReconquistaSaintsTortures

Le Myésier, Thomas

Miniature from Raymond Lull's Vita coetanea or a Threaty on the Demonstration of the Truth of Christianity through Art (Breviculum, miniature V). [1325]

from: Breviculum o Vida de Mestre Ramon. Latin XIV century Codex with Miniatures by Thomas Le Myésier (miniature V).

The Codex is conserved at the Karlsruhe Badischen Landesbibliothek (Germany), Karlsruhe, Bad. L. Bibl. 92.

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Anti-Islamic ControversyChristian-Islamic relationsDisputesNorth AfricaPhilosophy

Allet, Jean-Charles

Franciscan Matryrs in Morocco (1708)

from: San Juan del Puerto, F. Mission Historial de Marruecos: en que se trata de los martirios, persecuciones y trabajos que han padecido los Missionarios y fruto que han cogido las Missiones que desde sus principios tuvo la Orden Seraphica en el imperio de Marruecos y continua la provincia de San Diego de Franciscos Descalços de Andalucia en el mismo Imperio... por Fr. Francisco de San Juan de el Puerto. Francisco Garay, Sevilla, 1708.

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century) 7. Sacrifices of self: Martirology and Catholic global missions (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Catholic MissionsChristian-Islamic relationsFranciscans (O.F.M.)MartyrdomMorocco

Goya, Francisco de

Esto es malo (1863)

from: Goya, F. Desastres de la guerra, Madrid, Real Academia de Nobles Artes de San Fernando, 1863

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: French Invasion of SpainPeninsular War - Guerra de la Independencia EspañolaSacrifice for the NationSecular MartyrsViolence

Arjona Navarro, Miguel

Sculpture representing Saint Roderick, Martyr in Cordova (detail) (1981)

Parish of Asunción y Ángeles, Cabra (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomPersecutionsReconquistaSaintsSpain

Mesa, Juan de

Statue of Saint Raymundo Nonnatus (1626)

Museo de Bellas Artes, Seville (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)ReconquistaSaintsTortures

Melchior Küsel (drawing by Karel Škréta)

Muerte del padre Gonzalo de Tapia a manos de los nativos de Sinaloa (1675)

from: Tanner, Mathias. Societas Iesu usque ad sanguinis et vitae profusionem militans, [...] in causa fidei, & virtutis propugnatae, violenta morte toto orbe sublati sunt, Praga, Typis Universitatis Carolo-Ferdinandeae in Collegio Societatis Jesu ad S. Clementem, 1675. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

The John Carter Brown Library at Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island

Topics:
7. Sacrifices of self: Martirology and Catholic global missions (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Gonzalo de TapiaJesuits (S.J.)MartyrdomNative AmericansSinaloa

Goya, Francisco de

Bien te se está (1863)

from: Goya, F. Desastres de la guerra, Madrid, Real Academia de Nobles Artes de San Fernando, 1863

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: French Invasion of SpainPeninsular War - Guerra de la Independencia EspañolaSacrifice for the NationSecular MartyrsViolence

Solís, Francisco de

San Pedro Pascual (17^th Century)

Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: GranadaMartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)ReconquistaSaints

Le Myésier, Thomas

The origins of Raymond Lull's works and his explication of the Christian theory of Sacrifice (Breviculum, miniature I) [1325]

from: Breviculum o Vida de Mestre Ramon. Latin XIV century Codex with Miniatures by Thomas Le Myésier (miniature I).

The Codex is conserved at the Karlsruhe Badischen Landesbibliothek (Germany), Karlsruhe, Bad. L. Bibl. 92.

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Anti-Islamic ControversyChristian-Islamic relationsDisputesNorth AfricaPhilosophy

Anonymous / Unknown

Sculpture of Saint Roderick, Martyr in Cordova (20^th Century)

Unknown

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomPersecutionsReconquistaSaintsSpain

Goya, Francisco de

Al Cementerio (1863)

from: Goya, F. Desastres de la guerra, Madrid, Real Academia de Nobles Artes de San Fernando, 1863

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: French Invasion of SpainPeninsular War - Guerra de la Independencia EspañolaSacrifice for the NationSecular MartyrsViolence

Carazo, José ; Martín Rodríguez, Manuel

Myracle of Saint Peter Pascual before the king Totila (18^th Century)

Pedro Pascual Chapel, Sagrario: within the Cathedral of Jaén (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: GranadaMartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)ReconquistaSaints

Ricci, Juan Andrés

The Martyrdom of Saint Serapius (1622)

Cuenca Cathedral, Main Altar. Cuenca (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Canonization of the SaintsMartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)North AfricaTortures

Guamán Poma de Ayala, Felipe

Conquista. Don Francisco Pizarro le quema en una casa a Capac Apoguaman a Chava pidiendo oro. (1615)

from: Guamán Poma de Ayala, F. Primer nueva corónica y buen gobierno [1616]. Manuscript conserved in the København, Det Kongelige Bibliotek [ Royal Library, Copenhagen, Denmark ], GKS 2232 4° [fol. 396].

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Indigenous MartyrsMassacresNative AmericansPeruSpanish Empire

Guamán Poma de Ayala, Felipe

Atahualpa es encarcelado (1615)

from: Guamán Poma de Ayala, F. Primer nueva corónica y buen gobierno [1616]. Manuscript conserved in the København, Det Kongelige Bibliotek [ Royal Library, Copenhagen, Denmark ], GKS 2232 4°.

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: ImprisonmentIndigenous MartyrsNative AmericansPeruSpanish Empire

Anonymous / Unknown

Mercedarian Mariano Alcalá and companions, martyrs in Spain in 1936. (20^th Century)

Our Lady of Mercy Church, Lérida (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: AnticlericalismCanonization of the SaintsMartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)Spanish Civil War

Castillo y Saavedra, Antonio del

Saint Pelagius from Cordoba before the Califa Abd al-Rahmán III, just before his martyrdom (A.D. 925). (1645)

Mezquita - Catedral de Córdoba (San Pelayo Chapel). Cordoba (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomPersecutionsReconquistaSaintsSpain

Anonymous / Unknown

Pedro Pascual, Saint (17^th Century)

Curia Generale dell'Ordine della Mercede, Rome

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)ReconquistaRedemption of CaptivesSaints

Vera Estaca, Alejo

Numancia (1880 - 1881)

Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid (Spain)

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century) 5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Ancient RomansMassacresSelf-Sacrifice

Anonymous / Unknown

Drawing representing the tombstone of the martyr Saint Pedro Pascual in Baeza Cathedral, Spain. (1653)

from: Bilches, F., Santos y Santuarios del Opispado de Jaen y Baeza, Madrid, Domingo García y Morrás, 1653, p. 146.

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)ReconquistaSaintsTombstones

Goya, Francisco de

Estragos de la Guerra (1863)

from: Goya, F. Desastres de la guerra, Madrid, Real Academia de Nobles Artes de San Fernando, 1863

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: French Invasion of SpainPeninsular War - Guerra de la Independencia EspañolaSacrifice for the NationSecular MartyrsViolence

Anonymous / Unknown

San Zoilo Mártir, Nobilísimo Cavallero Cordobés. (17-18^th Century)

from: Picture in anonymous devotional card

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Early ChristianityIconographyMartyrdomSaintsSpain

Anonymous / Unknown

Burial vault of the Seven Martyrs of Morocco (17-18^th Century)

Igreja de São Vicente de Fora, Lisbon (Portugal)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: CrusadesMartyrdomMassacresMoroccoRelics

Goya, Francisco de

Esto es peor (1863)

from: Goya, F. Desastres de la guerra, Madrid, Real Academia de Nobles Artes de San Fernando, 1863

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: French Invasion of SpainPeninsular War - Guerra de la Independencia EspañolaSacrifice for the NationSecular MartyrsViolence

Le Myésier, Thomas

The Saracen: I would rather hang myself with a noose, than suffer the vengeance of Christians for having blasphemed Christ. [1325]

from: Breviculum o Vida de Mestre Ramon. Latin XIV century Codex with Miniatures by Thomas Le Myésier (miniature III).

The Codex is conserved at the Karlsruhe Badischen Landesbibliothek (Germany), Karlsruhe, Bad. L. Bibl. 92.

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Anti-Islamic ControversyChristian-Islamic relationsIslamic MartyrdomNorth AfricaPhilosophy

Barambio, Gregorio (O. de M.)

S[an] Serapio M[arti]r del R[ea]l Orden de la Merced. Especialissimo Abog[ad]o de todo genero de dolores de Miemb[ro]s y coiunturas. (1727)

from: Hardá Muxica, A. A. El nuevo Machabeo del Evangelio y cavallero de Christo, S. Serapio Martyr, del Real y militar Orden de N. Señora de la Merced, escrito por el padre presentado Fr. Antonio Ambrosio de Hardá Muxica, Madrid, En la imprenta del convento de la Merced, 1727 [n. p.]

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Canonization of the SaintsDrawingMartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)North Africa

Le Myésier, Thomas

Miniature from Raymond Lull's Vita coetanea or a Threaty on the Demonstration of the Truth of Christianity through Art (Breviculum, miniature VIII). [1325]

from: Breviculum o Vida de Mestre Ramon. Latin XIV century Codex with Miniatures by Thomas Le Myésier (miniature VIII).

The Codex is conserved at the Karlsruhe Badischen Landesbibliothek (Germany), Karlsruhe, Bad. L. Bibl. 92.

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Anti-Islamic ControversyChristian-Islamic relationsDisputesNorth AfricaPhilosophy

Arbasia, Cesare

Saints Pelayo, Eulogio and Leocricia, Martyrs in Cordoba (16-17^th Century)

Cordoba Cathedral, Cordoba (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomPersecutionsReconquistaSaintsSpain

Fragonard, Alexandre

The Death of Alberic Clement at the Siege of Acri (1191) (1838)

Salles des Croisades, Châteaux de Versailles, Versailles (France)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: CrusadesHoly LandHoly WarsIndividual SacrificeMartyrdom

Goya, Francisco de

Populacho (1863)

from: Goya, F. Desastres de la guerra, Madrid, Real Academia de Nobles Artes de San Fernando, 1863

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: French Invasion of SpainPeninsular War - Guerra de la Independencia EspañolaSacrifice for the NationSecular MartyrsViolence

Féréol Papety, Dominique Louis (1815 - 1849)

Guillaume de Clermont defending Ptolemais (Acre) from Saracen siege in 1291 (1845)

from: oil on canvas

Salles des Croisades : Châteaux de Versailles et de Trianon, Versailles (France)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: CrusadesHoly LandHoly Wars

Maestro de Becerril

Martyrdom of Saint Pelayo from Cordova [1520]

Catedral de la Encarnación, Malaga (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomPersecutionsReconquistaSaintsSpain

Anonymous / Unknown

“El Licenciado Juan Gómez, Collegial de esta casa y Beneficiado de Fiñana, padeció martirio en Mecina de buen baron atado a una higuera desnudo, con alzadores chuzos y lanzas le quitaron la vida y después le ataron una soga a la cabeza y lo llevaron arrastrando hasta hecharle en una [h]oguera encendida y de donde avía sido muerto Viernes 24 de Diciembre de 1563 años. Este lienzo hiço a su costa y do por su devoción el Licenciado D. Martin de Galvez Collegial, y Rector que fue de esta Casa y a presente Beneficiado de la iglesia parroquial del Señor San Andrés de esta ciudad.” (1761)

Pontificio y Real Seminario de San Cecilio (Cloisters). Granada, Spain.

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: AlpujarrasMartyrdomMassacresMoriscosPersecutions

Anonymous / Unknown

Saint Pedro Pascual from Valencia, Martyr in Granada in 1300 (1674)

from: Colombo, F., Relación de las fiestas, que el Real Convento de Santa Catalina de Toledo del Real, y Militar Orden de nuestra Señora de la Merced, Redencion de Cautivos, consagro a la solemnidad de la extension del culto, y rezo concedido a San Pedro Pasqual de Valencia ...: con los tres sermones, que en las fiestas predicaron los tres señores Canonigos Magistrales de la Santa Iglesia de Toledo. Y un epitome de la vida del Santo, sacado, y añadido de los processos que en su causa se hizieron, Madrid, Imprenta Real, 1674.

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: GranadaMartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)ReconquistaSaints

Guamán Poma de Ayala, Felipe

The beheading of the Inca Tupac Amaru [ Ejecución del Inca Túpac Amaru I, en la plaza del Cuzco, año 1572 ] (1615)

from: Guamán Poma de Ayala, F. Primer nueva corónica y buen gobierno [1616]. Manuscript conserved in the København, Det Kongelige Bibliotek [ Royal Library, Copenhagen, Denmark ], GKS 2232 4°.

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: IdolatryIndigenous MartyrsNative AmericansPeruSpanish Empire

Goya, Francisco de

Amarga presencia (1863)

from: Goya, F. Desastres de la guerra, Madrid, Real Academia de Nobles Artes de San Fernando, 1863

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: French Invasion of SpainPeninsular War - Guerra de la Independencia EspañolaSacrifice for the NationSecular MartyrsViolence

Anonymous / Unknown

Effigies V[enerabilis] Joannis de Prado, Mart[yr] Excalceatorum S. Francisci, interfecti Marochi in odium Fidei die 24 Maij ann. 1631 aetatis suae 66. (17^th Century)

from: Unknown

Topics:
7. Sacrifices of self: Martirology and Catholic global missions (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Catholic MissionsFranciscans (O.F.M.)MartyrdomMoroccoSpanish Missionaries

González Velázquez, Zacarías

The Martyrdom of Saint Peter Pascual (detail) (19^th Century)

Sagrario Church, within the Cathedral of Jaén (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: GranadaMartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)ReconquistaSaints

Anonymous / Unknown

Tombstone of the Priest Tommaso from Sardinia, victim of a supposed Ritual Murder by Jews in Damascus, along with his servant Ibrahim Amarah, on February 1840. The Italian inscription on the Graveyard says: “D.O.M. Qui riposano le ossa del padre Tommaso da Sardegna assassinato dagli ebrei il 5 febbraio nell’anno 1840”. (1840)

Capuchin Church in Damascus (Syrie).

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: EpitaphsMartyrdomOttoman EmpirePersecutionsViolence against Clergy

Anonymous / Unknown

Saint Pelayo (bas-relief carved in stone) (11-12^nd Century)

Museo Arqueológico de León (Spain). Formerly at the Colegiata de San Isidoro, León.

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomPersecutionsReconquistaSaintsSpain

Roelas, Juan de

The Martyrdom of St Serapius (1608-1612)

Museo de Bellas Artes, Seville

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Canonization of the SaintsMartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)North AfricaTortures

Anonymous / Unknown

Venerable María del Refugio Aguilar Torres (portrait) (20^th Century)

Real Monasterio El Puig De Santa María, Order of Mercy. El Puig, Valencia (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: AnticlericalismMercedarians (O. de M.)MexicoPersecutionsSelf-Sacrifice

Le Myésier, Thomas

Raymond Lull’s supposed martyrdom in Tunis [1325]

from: Breviculum o Vida de Mestre Ramon. Latin XIV century Codex with Miniatures by Thomas Le Myésier (miniature X).

The Codex is conserved at the Karlsruhe Badischen Landesbibliothek (Germany), Karlsruhe, Bad. L. Bibl. 92.

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Anti-Islamic ControversyChristian-Islamic relationsMartyrdomNorth AfricaPhilosophy

Delacroix, Eugène

The Massacre at Chios (1824)

Musée du Louvre, Paris

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: CrusadesHoly WarsMassacresOttoman EmpireSacrifice for the Nation

Heylan, Francisco

Martyrdom of Juan Martínez Jáuregui, clergyman of Mairena (1610)

from: Antolínez, J. Historia Eclesiástica de Granada, 1610.

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomMassacresReconquistaSpainTortures

Azeglio, Massimo d'

The Death of Josselin, Earl of Montmorency (1825)

Galleria Civica di Arte Moderna e Contemporanea, Turin (Italy)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: CrusadesHoly LandHoly WarsIconographyPropaganda

Jode, Pieter de

Martirio del bendito P[adr]e Fray Diego Ortiz en Vilcabamba (1638)

from: Calancha, A. Coronica moralizada del Orden de San Augustin en el Peru. Barcelona, 1638.

Topics:
7. Sacrifices of self: Martirology and Catholic global missions (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Catholic MissionsMartyrdomNative AmericansPeruSpanish Missionaries

Guamán Poma de Ayala, Felipe

Kusi Yupanqui (1615)

from: Guamán Poma de Ayala, F. Primer nueva corónica y buen gobierno [1616]. Manuscript conserved in the København, Det Kongelige Bibliotek [ Royal Library, Copenhagen, Denmark ], GKS 2232 4°.

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Indigenous MartyrsNative AmericansPeruSpanish EmpireViolence

Vela Cobos, Cristóbal

San Acisclo (1645)

Church of the Martyrs of Colodro, Cordoba (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Early ChristianityIconographyMartyrdomSaintsSpain

Anonymous / Unknown

Four-legged silver Shrine in the shape of tortoises, with carved angels playing musical instruments, containing the relics of the Martyr San Pelayo [1816 - 1820]

Benedictine Monastery of Oviedo, Spain

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomPersecutionsReconquistaSaintsSpain

Goya, Francisco de

Duro es el paso (1863)

from: Goya, F. Desastres de la guerra, Madrid, Real Academia de Nobles Artes de San Fernando, 1863

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: French Invasion of SpainPeninsular War - Guerra de la Independencia EspañolaSacrifice for the NationSecular MartyrsViolence

Anonymous / Unknown

Father Mariano Alcalá with eighteen companions, Mercedarian martyrs in 1936 [2014]

Real Monasterio El Puig De Santa María, Order of Mercy. El Puig, Valencia (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: AnticlericalismCanonization of the SaintsMartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)Spanish Civil War

Anonymous / Unknown

San Ramón Nonnato [19^th Century]

Unknown

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Mercedarians (O. de M.)North AfricaRedemption of CaptivesSaintsTortures

[ Bocanegra, Pedro Atanasio ]

Martyrdom of Saint Roderick (17^th Century)

Church of San Juan de Dios, Cabra (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: Christian-Islamic relationsMartyrdomReconquistaSaintsSpain

Guamán Poma de Ayala, Felipe

A Topac Amaro le Cortan la Caveza en el Cuzco (1615)

from: Guamán Poma de Ayala, F. Primer nueva corónica y buen gobierno [1616]. Manuscript conserved in the København, Det Kongelige Bibliotek [ Royal Library, Copenhagen, Denmark ], GKS 2232 4°.

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Indigenous MartyrsNative AmericansPeruSpanish EmpireViolence

[ Mendieta, Gerónimo de ]

Muerte de un fraile franciscano a manos de los chichimecas. (16-17^th Century)

from: Mendieta, Gerónimo de, Historia eclesiástica Indiana

Original Manuscript in : Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection, University of Texas at Austin

Topics:
7. Sacrifices of self: Martirology and Catholic global missions (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: Catholic MissionsEngravingsFranciscans (O.F.M.)MartyrdomNative Americans

Zurbarán, Francisco de

Saint Raymond Nonnatus (17^th Century)

Private Collection. Madrid (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: MartyrdomMercedarians (O. de M.)ReconquistaSaintsTortures

Guamán Poma de Ayala, Felipe

Corregidor de minas castiga cruelmente a los caciques. (1615)

from: Guamán Poma de Ayala, F. Primer nueva corónica y buen gobierno [1616]. Manuscript conserved in the København, Det Kongelige Bibliotek [ Royal Library, Copenhagen, Denmark ], GKS 2232 4° (f. 525).

Topics:
2. Sacrifice and religion: Comparisons, Antiquarians, Anthropology (16^th-18^th Century)

Keywords: IdolatryIndigenous MartyrsNative AmericansPeruSpanish Empire

Anonymous / Unknown

Tombstone of the Priest José María Ruíz Cano, martyr in El Otero (Siguenza, Spain) on July 27th 1936. (20^th Century)

Tombstone in Siguenza (Spain)

Topics:
5. Sacrifices of self: Martyrology and crusades including Reconquista (12^th-20^th Century)

Keywords: AnticlericalismMartyrdomMassacresSpanish Civil WarViolence against Clergy